They were built during the Fourth Dynasty of Ancient Egypt, more than 4,500 years ago, and erected as tombs for the pharaohs Khufu, Khafre and Menkaure, who reigned around the 26th century BC. The Great Pyramid of Khufu is the main attraction of the pyramids of Giza. With a height of 146 meters, it is the largest of the three structures and an impressive marvel. It was built over a period of 20 years by more than 100,000 workers.

Although many theories have been proposed as to how the pyramids were built, it is still a mystery how the ancient Egyptians managed to construct these monumental structures without the use of modern tools and advanced technology. What is known is that workers carved large blocks of limestone and granite from nearby quarries, and carefully transported and placed them in place. The entire construction process is believed to have taken tens of thousands of workers and hundreds of years to complete.

The Pyramids of Giza have also been subject to looting and vandalism over the centuries. During the Middle Ages, the pyramids were used as stone quarries, and the limestone blocks were used to construct buildings in Cairo and other nearby cities. In addition, the pyramids have been robbed over the centuries, although today measures have been taken to protect the pyramids and their historical heritage.

It is possible to appreciate from inside the wonders of the Great Pyramid of Khufu, one of the most iconic structures of the ancient world. Walk through its network of tunnels exploring the burial chambers and get an idea of what the tomb of an ancient pharaoh was like. The pharaoh's chamber is impressive, it is a rectangular floor plan of granite slabs, with walls formed by 5 rows of stone and smooth, undecorated ceilings, containing an empty red granite sarcophagus with no inscriptions.

The second largest pyramid is the Pyramid of Khafre, which is located right next to the Great Pyramid. This stone structure is notable for its top layer of dark limestone, which can still be seen in places. The third pyramid, the Pyramid of Menkaure, is the smallest of the three and is located at the southern end of the complex. Although this pyramid is smaller, it is still an impressive architectural structure worth visiting.

The Great Sphinx is another of the sights to visit in the Giza complex. This iconic stone carved figure has the head of a pharaoh and the body of a lion, and is located right next to the Pyramid of Khafre. The Sphinx is considered a masterpiece of ancient Egyptian sculpture and is a popular tourist attraction in its own right.

In addition to the three great pyramids and the Great Sphinx, the Giza funerary complex also includes a number of secondary funerary buildings and structures, occupying a total area of about 160 km2, and was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979. In short, the pyramids of Giza are an impressive architectural marvel and one of Egypt's most popular tourist attractions.

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